16Mo3 is a molybdenum-alloyed steel for pressure vessels and boilers, offering good strength at high temperatures. It is often normalized and may need preheating and post-weld heat treatment when welded.
16MO3 EQUIVALENTS
It is equivalent to 15Mo3 (DIN 17155 - Germany)
15D3 (NFA 36-205 - France)
BS1501-243b (BS1501 - UK)
ASTM 204 Gr.B
| Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo | Ni | Nb | Ti | V | Al | N | Cu |
| 16Mo3 | 0.12/0.20 | 0.35 | 0.40/0.90 | 0.025 | 0.010 | 0.030 | 0.25/0.35 | 0.30 | – | – | – | – | 0.012 | 0.30 |
Mechanical Properties of 16mo3 Stainless Steel Plate
| Grade | Thickness | Temperature (° C) | |||||||||
| 50° | 100° | 150° | 200° | 250° | 300° | 350° | 400° | 450° | 500° | ||
| (mm) | MPa | MPa | MPa | MPa | MPa | MPa | MPa | MPa | MPa | MPa | |
| 16Mo3 | ≤16 | 273 | 264 | 250 | 233 | 213 | 194 | 175 | 159 | 147 | 141 |
| >16 ≤40 | 268 | 259 | 245 | 228 | 209 | 190 | 172 | 156 | 145 | 139 | |
| >40 ≤60 | 258 | 250 | 236 | 220 | 202 | 183 | 165 | 150 | 139 | 134 | |
| >60 ≤100 | 238 | 230 | 218 | 203 | 186 | 169 | 153 | 139 | 129 | 123 | |
| >100 ≤150 | 218 | 211 | 200 | 186 | 171 | 155 | 140 | 127 | 118 | 113 | |
| >150 ≤250 | 208 | 202 | 191 | 178 | 163 | 148 | 134 | 121 | 113 | 108 | |
Processing Flow
Raw material preparation:
Select qualified 16Mo3 steel billets or plates, and conduct pre-inspection to remove surface defects like cracks, scales and impurities, ensuring the base material meets technical standards.
Heating and hot working:
Heat the raw materials uniformly to the specified temperature range (typically 1050-1150℃) and keep warm for a certain time. Perform hot forming processes such as forging, rolling or bending, then cool the workpiece in a controlled way to avoid structural abnormalities.
Heat treatment:
Carry out normalization (heating to 890-950℃, holding and air cooling) to refine grain structure. Tempering (600-650℃, holding and cooling) is optional to reduce internal stress and improve toughness, matching service requirements.
Machining and welding:
Use standard tools for turning, milling or drilling with proper cooling/lubrication. Weld with preheating (80-150℃) to prevent cold cracking, followed by post-weld heat treatment to ensure joint integrity.
Final inspection and cleaning:
Remove scale/oil via shot blasting or pickling. Conduct non-destructive testing (ultrasonic, radiographic) to detect defects, ensuring the finished product qualifies.
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Is 16Mo3 steel corrosion-resistant?
16Mo3 has moderate corrosion resistance, especially in high-temperature steam and mild corrosive media. For harsh corrosive environments, additional anti-corrosion coatings or alloying are required.
What is the hardness of 16Mo3 steel after normalization?
After normalization, the Brinell hardness (HB) of 16Mo3 steel is typically between 137 and 179. This hardness range balances strength and toughness, suitable for machining and forming.
Can 16Mo3 steel be used in low-temperature environments?
16Mo3 is not ideal for low-temperature environments (below -20°C) as its toughness may decrease, increasing brittle fracture risk. It is mainly designed for high-temperature and normal-temperature applications.
What is the difference between 16Mo3 and 16Mn steel?
The key difference is molybdenum content: 16Mo3 contains 0.25-0.35% Mo, enhancing high-temperature strength, while 16Mn lacks molybdenum. Thus, 16Mo3 is better for high-temperature pressure equipment.
How to store 16Mo3 steel plates properly?
Store 16Mo3 plates in a dry, well-ventilated area, away from moisture and corrosive substances. Stack them with spacers to prevent deformation and rust, and cover with waterproof cloth if outdoors.
What machining methods are suitable for 16Mo3 steel?
16Mo3 can be machined by turning, milling, drilling, and grinding. Use high-speed steel or carbide tools, with appropriate cutting speed and feed rate to ensure machining accuracy and surface quality.
What is the purpose of molybdenum in 16Mo3 steel?
Molybdenum in 16Mo3 improves high-temperature strength, creep resistance, and hardenability. It also enhances the steel's resistance to stress corrosion cracking in harsh environments.
Does 16Mo3 steel require preheating before welding?
Yes, preheating is necessary for 16Mo3 welding. Preheating to 100-150°C reduces the temperature gradient, prevents cold cracks in the weld zone, and ensures the joint's mechanical properties.
What is the typical microstructure of 16Mo3 steel after heat treatment?
After normalization or normalizing-tempering, 16Mo3 has a fine-grained ferrite and pearlite microstructure. This microstructure provides a good balance of strength, toughness, and ductility.
Can 16Mo3 steel be used to manufacture boiler tubes?
Yes, 16Mo3 is widely used for boiler tubes. Its high-temperature resistance, pressure-bearing capacity, and good weldability make it suitable for superheaters, reheaters, and water wall tubes in boilers.