P355GH is a widely recognized pressure vessel steel grade explicitly specified in the European standard EN 10028-2, which governs steels for pressure equipment. As a non-alloy, fine-grain structural steel, it boasts excellent comprehensive performance, including superior toughness that resists brittle fracture, outstanding weldability compatible with various common welding processes, and reliable high-temperature resistance that maintains structural stability under medium-temperature operating conditions. These inherent advantages make it a preferred material in the manufacturing of pressure vessels, boilers, and related equipment across petrochemical, power generation, and chemical industries.
Chemical Composition of EN 10028 – P355GH
| Element | % by mass | Element | % by mass |
| Carbon (C) | ≤0.16 | Silicon (Si) | ≤0.35 |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.60 to 1.20 | Phosphorous (P) (max) | 0.025 |
| Sulphur (S) (max) | 0.015 | Aluminium (Al) | ≤0.020 |
| Nitrogen (N) | ≤0.012 | Chromium (Cr) | ≤0.30 |
| Copper (Cu) | ≤0.30 | Molybdenum (Mo) | ≤0.08 |
| Niobium (Nb) | ≤0.020 | Nickel (Ni) | ≤0.30 |
| Titanium (Ti) (max) | 0.03 | Vanadium (Vi) | ≤0.02 |
Mechanical Properties of EN 10028 – P355GH
| Type | Thickness (mm) | Yield Strength MPa (min) |
Tensile Strength MPa |
Elongation % (min) |
Impact Energy (KV J) (min) |
||
| -20° | 0° | +20° | |||||
| Normalized | ≤ 16 | 355 | 510 - 650 | 21 | 27 | 34 | 40 |
| 16> to ≤40 | 345 | 510 - 650 | 21 | 27 | 34 | 40 | |
| 40> to ≤60 | 335 | 460 - 580 | 21 | 27 | 34 | 40 | |
| 60> to ≤100 | 315 | 490 - 630 | 21 | 27 | 34 | 40 | |
| 100>to≤150 | 295 | 480 - 630 | 21 | 27 | 34 | 40 | |
| 150>to≤250 | 280 | 470 - 630 | 21 | 27 | 34 | 40 | |
Equivalent Steel Grade of P355GH |
|||||||
| Europe | Belgium | Germany | France | Italy | Sweden | India | Japan |
| Fe E355 | D52-1,2 | 19Mn8 | A52 CP | Fe510-1-KW | SS 21,06,01 | - | SPV355 |
Process Characteristics of P355GH Steel
P355GH steel features process advantages such as simplicity, high adaptability and stable quality, which are well-matched with its application in pressure-bearing equipment. Key process characteristics are as follows:
Simple Heat Treatment Process: The base material adopts a normalized heat treatment process (880–950°C heating + air cooling), without complex quenching or tempering steps. This process is easy to operate, low in cost, and can effectively refine grains and ensure stable mechanical properties.
Good Weld Process Compatibility: It is compatible with various conventional arc welding processes, with low preheating requirements. Thin plates can be welded directly at room temperature, and thick plates only need low-temperature preheating (80–150°C), reducing welding difficulty and improving production efficiency.
Excellent Forming Process Performance: Both hot and cold forming processes are feasible. Hot forming has a wide temperature range and good plasticity, facilitating rapid shaping; cold forming allows moderate deformation, and only needs preheating for large deformation, adapting to diverse component processing needs.
Stable Machining Process: Its uniform microstructure ensures stable cutting performance during machining, with small tool wear and high machining accuracy. It can be processed by turning, milling, drilling and other conventional processes, without special machining tools or parameters, suitable for mass production.
All processes are mature and standardized, ensuring consistent product quality and high industrial application feasibility.
Applications
P355GH is widely used in the petrochemical, energy, and chemical industries for manufacturing equipment that must withstand high pressure and heat. Typical applications include:
Boilers: Components for industrial boilers.
Pressure Vessels: Various types of pressurized tanks and containers.
Heat Exchangers: Production of industrial heat exchange units.
Piping Systems: Pipelines for transporting hot water, steam, or other thermal fluids.
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What is the difference between P355GH and Q355B?
P355GH is a pressure vessel steel (EN standard) with stricter toughness and weldability requirements for pressure applications. Q355B is a Chinese standard structural steel, mainly used for general structural engineering, with lower performance requirements.
How to store P355GH plates?
P355GH plates should be stored in a dry, well-ventilated warehouse to avoid moisture and corrosion. They should be placed on wooden supports to prevent contact with the ground, and covered with waterproof cloth if stored outdoors.
What is the machinability of P355GH?
P355GH has good machinability. It can be processed by turning, milling, drilling and other common machining methods. Proper cutting tools and parameters are recommended to ensure processing efficiency and surface quality.
What is the maximum pressure P355GH can bear?
The maximum bearing pressure of P355GH depends on factors like thickness, operating temperature and structural design. Generally, it can bear medium pressure (1-10 MPa) in normal temperature and pressure vessel applications, subject to calculation and certification.
Is P355GH a normalized steel?
P355GH can be delivered in normalized condition, which is a common delivery state. Normalization involves heating the steel to 850-950°C, holding for a period, and cooling in air to refine grains and improve toughness and strength.
What are the surface quality requirements for P355GH?
P355GH surfaces should be free of cracks, folds, scars, delaminations and other defects. Minor surface defects can be removed by grinding, provided the remaining thickness meets the minimum requirement specified in the standard.
Can P355GH be used in petrochemical pipelines?
Yes, P355GH is suitable for petrochemical pipelines that transport medium-temperature and medium-pressure fluids (e.g., oil, gas, chemical reagents). Its good weldability and pressure-bearing capacity ensure pipeline safety and reliability.
What is the impact energy requirement for P355GH?
For P355GH, the minimum Charpy V-notch impact energy is 30 J at 20°C. For low-temperature applications, the impact test is conducted at -20°C, and the impact energy should also meet the standard requirement to resist brittle fracture.
What is the thermal conductivity of P355GH?
The thermal conductivity of P355GH is about 45-50 W/(m·K) at room temperature. This good thermal conductivity makes it suitable for heat exchange equipment like heat exchangers and boilers, ensuring efficient heat transfer.
How to identify P355GH materials?
P355GH materials can be identified by checking the material certificate (including grade, standard, chemical composition and mechanical properties), surface marking (grade and manufacturer information), and conducting on-site chemical or mechanical tests if necessary.