S235J0 is a widely used, non-alloy structural steel grade (EN 10025-2) known for its good weldability, toughness, and cost-effectiveness, offering a minimum yield strength of 235 MPa and guaranteed impact toughness at 0°C (27 Joules), making it suitable for general construction, bridges, machinery, and moderate cold-service applications where low-temperature performance is needed.
Key Characteristics
Grade: S235J0 (also known as 1.0114).
Standard: EN 10025-2 (European Standard for non-alloy structural steels).
Strength: Minimum yield strength of 235 MPa (for thicknesses up to 16 mm) and tensile strength of 360-510 MPa.
Toughness: Tested to provide 27 Joules of impact energy at 0°C (the "J0" signifies this).
Composition: Low carbon content, making it easy to weld and form.
Supply Conditions
Typically supplied as hot-rolled, often in normalized or controlled rolled conditions.
Chemical Composition
| Chemical Composition, % (≤) | |||||||||
| Standard | Steel | Steel name (Steel number) | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cu | N |
| EN 10025-2 | S235 | S235J0 (1.0114) | 0.17 | – | 1.40 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.55 | 0.012 |
Mechanical Properties
| Yield Strength (≥ N/mm2); Dia. (d) mm | ||||||||
| Steel | Steel name (Steel number) | d≤16 | 16< d ≤40 | 40< d ≤60 | 60< d ≤100 | 100< d ≤150 | 150< d ≤200 | 200< d ≤250 |
| S235 | S235J0 (1.0114) | 235 | 225 | 215 | 215 | 195 | 185 | 175 |
| Tensile Strength (≥ N/mm2) | |||||
| Steel | Steel name (Steel number) | d<3 | 3 ≤ d ≤ 100 | 100 < d ≤ 150 | 150 < d ≤ 250 |
| S235 | S235J0 (1.0114) | 360-510 | 360-510 | 350-500 | 340-490 |
Equivalent Grade
EN 10025-2 S235Jo equivalent to American ASTM, Chinese GB Standard and ISO, etc.
| Steel S235J0 Equivalent | |||||||||||
| European Union | US | ISO | Japan | China | India | ||||||
| Standard | Steel grade (Steel number) | Standard | Steel grade | Standard | grade | Standard | grade | Standard | grade | Standard | grade |
| EN 10025-2 | S235J0 (1.0114) | ASTM A36; ASTM A283M |
A36; Grade D |
ISO 630-2 | S235C | JIS G3106 | SM400A, SM400B |
GB/T 700 | Q235C, Q235D | IS 2062 | E250 |
The main applications of S235J0 are structural projects where components are exposed to cool or varying temperatures, requiring reliable toughness at 0°C to prevent brittle fracture.
Common uses include:
Outdoor steel structures: Bridges, transmission towers, light poles, and outdoor staircases in temperate climates.
Building and construction: Structural frames, supports, and roof trusses for unheated warehouses, industrial halls, or buildings in regions with cold winters.
General engineering and machinery: Components for agricultural equipment, transportation chassis, and machinery operating in non-arctic cold environments.
Infrastructure and safety elements: Guardrails, walkways, and access platforms exposed to seasonal temperature drops.
Key reason for choosing S235J0 over S235JR: Its guaranteed impact toughness at 0°C provides an added safety margin against sudden brittle failure in cooler conditions, making it a common choice in European and international codes for structures in climates with freezing temperatures.
1. What is S235J0 steel?
S235J0 is a non-alloy structural steel grade according to EN 10025-2, with a minimum yield strength of 235 MPa and guaranteed impact toughness at 0°C.
2. What is the difference between S235JR and S235J0?
The key difference is the impact test temperature: S235JR is tested at +20°C, while S235J0 is tested at 0°C, making it suitable for colder environments.
3. What is the chemical composition of S235J0?
Its typical composition includes max 0.17% Carbon, max 1.40% Manganese, and lower maximums for phosphorus and sulfur compared to some grades.
4. What is the yield strength of S235J0?
The minimum yield strength of S235J0 is 235 MPa for thicknesses up to 16 mm, decreasing slightly for thicker sections as per the standard.
5. What does the 'J0' mean in S235J0?
The 'J0' indicates the steel is Charpy V-notch impact tested at 0°C with a minimum absorbed energy of 27 Joules.
6. Is S235J0 equivalent to ASTM A36?
S235J0 is similar to A36 in strength but is not a direct equivalent due to different standards and its specific low-temperature impact requirement.
7. Can S235J0 be welded?
Yes, S235J0 has good weldability using common methods like SMAW, MIG, and MAG, though pre-heating may be advised for thick sections or in cold conditions.
8. What is S235J0 used for?
It is used in structural applications exposed to colder temperatures, such as outdoor bridges, building frames, supports, and machinery in temperate climates.
9. Is S235J0 corrosion resistant?
No, S235J0 is not corrosion-resistant. It requires protective coatings like paint or galvanization for outdoor or exposed applications.
10. What is the density of S235J0 steel?
The density of S235J0 is approximately 7.85 g/cm³, the same as most common carbon and structural steels.
Full specification and details are available on request. The above information is provided for guidance purposes only. For specific design requirements please contact our technical sales staff.
