SA516 Grade 70 is a widely used, high-strength, low-alloy carbon steel plate specified by ASME/ASTM for pressure vessels, boilers, and similar applications requiring good weldability and toughness at moderate to low temperatures, featuring higher tensile strength (70-90 ksi / 485-620 MPa) than other grades, making it ideal for demanding environments like refineries, power plants, and chemical processing.
Key Characteristics
Weldability: Excellent notch toughness and weldability.
Grades: Part of the SA516 family (Grades 55, 60, 65, 70); Grade 70 offers the highest strength.
Material Type: Pressure Vessel Quality (PVQ) Carbon Steel.
Strength: High tensile strength (70-90 ksi or 485-620 MPa) and a minimum yield strength of 38 ksi (260 MPa).
Chemical Composition of ASME SA516 Gr 70
|
Element |
Thickness <12.5mm |
12.5-50mm |
50-100mm |
100-200mm |
>200mm |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Carbon (C) |
≤ 0.27 |
≤ 0.28 |
≤ 0.30 |
≤ 0.31 |
≤ 0.31 |
|
Silicon (Si) |
0.15-0.40 |
0.15-0.40 |
0.15-0.40 |
0.15-0.40 |
0.15-0.40 |
|
Manganese (Mn) |
0.85-1.20 |
0.85-1.20 |
0.85-1.20 |
0.85-1.20 |
0.85-1.20 |
|
Phosphorus (P) |
≤ 0.035 |
≤ 0.035 |
≤ 0.035 |
≤ 0.035 |
≤ 0.035 |
|
Sulfur (S) |
≤ 0.035 |
≤ 0.035 |
≤ 0.035 |
≤ 0.035 |
≤ 0.035 |
Mechanical Properties of ASME SA516 Gr 70
|
Property |
Value |
|---|---|
|
Yield Strength (Min MPa) |
260 |
|
Tensile Strength (MPa) |
485-620 |
|
Elongation (in 200mm, min %) |
21 |
|
Elongation (in 50mm, min %) |
25 |
|
Charpy Impact (at -46°C, optional) |
≥ 27 J |
Equivalent Grades of ASME SA516 Gr 70
|
Standard |
Equivalent Grade |
|---|---|
|
ASTM |
ASTM A 516 GR 70 |
|
EN 10028-2 |
P355GH |
|
DIN 17155 |
19Mn6 |
|
JIS G3115 |
SPV355 |
|
GB/T 1591 |
Q345R |
|
BS 1501 |
224-490A/B |
Common Applications
Oil & Gas: Pressure vessels, storage tanks, separators.
Energy: Boilers, heat exchangers, power plant components.
Chemical Industry: Reactors, distillation columns, ammonia tanks.
Construction: Structural tubing, bridges, buildings, railroad cars (when higher strength is needed).
Production & Condition
Thickness: Available in various thicknesses, often normalized (heat-treated) for thicknesses over 1.5 inches.
Standards: Meets ASTM A516 and ASME SA516 specifications.
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Is SA516 Grade 70 approved for use in boiler applications?
Yes, SA516 Grade 70 is approved for boiler applications under the ASME BPVC. It is used to manufacture boiler shells, headers, and other components that withstand high pressure and temperature.
What is the maximum carbon content allowed in SA516 Grade 70?
The maximum carbon content allowed in SA516 Grade 70 is 0.33%. Controlling carbon content is critical to maintain good weldability and toughness, as excessive carbon can increase brittleness and reduce weld quality.
What is the manganese content range of SA516 Grade 70?
The manganese content range of SA516 Grade 70 is 0.79% to 1.06%. Manganese improves the material's strength and toughness, enhances weldability, and helps reduce the harmful effects of sulfur.
Are there any restrictions on phosphorus and sulfur in SA516 Grade 70?
Yes, phosphorus (P) and sulfur (S) are restricted to a maximum of 0.035% each. These elements are impurities; excessive amounts can reduce toughness, increase brittleness, and cause weld defects like hot cracking.
What is the hardness range of SA516 Grade 70?
The typical Brinell hardness (HB) range of SA516 Grade 70 is 137 to 187. This moderate hardness balances strength and ductility, ensuring good machinability and weldability.
What surface treatments are applied to SA516 Grade 70 plates?
Common surface treatments include pickling and oiling, which removes oxide scales and rust, and provides temporary corrosion protection. Other treatments like sandblasting or painting may be used for specific applications.
What industries commonly use SA516 Grade 70?
Common industries include oil and gas, petrochemical, power generation, chemical processing, and pharmaceuticals. It is used to manufacture pressure vessels, boilers, storage tanks, and heat exchangers.
Can SA516 Grade 70 be heat-treated to improve its properties?
SA516 Grade 70 is typically supplied in the as-rolled or normalized condition. While it can be heat-treated (e.g., quenching and tempering), this is not common, as its as-supplied properties meet most pressure vessel requirements.
What non-destructive testing (NDT) methods are used for SA516 Grade 70?
Common NDT methods include ultrasonic testing (UT) for internal defects, radiographic testing (RT) for weld quality, magnetic particle testing (MT), and liquid penetrant testing (PT) for surface defects.
What are the key quality control requirements for SA516 Grade 70 production?
Key quality control requirements include chemical composition analysis, mechanical property testing (tensile, yield, elongation, impact), NDT for defects, dimensional inspection, and compliance with ASME standard manufacturing processes.